The basic principles for the formation of a safe environment on the black sea coast and its protection with the discontinuous breakwaters

Abstract

The article analyzes the current state and the problems of forming a safe environment for the development and residents of the Black Sea coastal cities, considering the world and domestic experience. The regulatory documents that define the basic principles for the development of marine environmental policy of Ukraine are analyzed.

An urgent task is to study the intensive abrasive processes of the coastal area at the seashore. They cause the problems that have been affecting the Black Sea coast for centuries and lead to huge financial and social negative outcomes. The formation of landslides is explained by the constant influence of sea and ground water, rough water effect and current impacts, and the rocks of the coastal slopes are moistened and broken, weakening the entire soil mass.

The goal of this research is to summarize the use of international experience of discontinuous surface breakwaters to protect the coast from the intense abrasive processes, as well as to analyze the possibility of their application on the Black Sea coast of Ukraine, in particular within the boundaries of the cities and other settlements.

The main research methods are comparative historical analysis; visual and analytical method; monitoring technique; analysis of historical data and quality characteristics; collection, analysis, presentation and interpretation of the information on theoretical and practical issues of discontinuous surface breakwaters, reflected in the works of foreign and Ukrainian researchers.

It is proposed to introduce modern methods of coastal protection, such as discontinuous surface breakwaters. The length of each breakwater in relation to the Black Sea coast of Odesa region should be 140-320 m, the gaps between them should be 100-230 m, and the distance from the existing cut should be 210-320 m. Such protection will not block the alongshore movement of water masses and will contribute to the accumulation of beach sand.